有一种常见的思维方式,与海绵遇到水时的反应类似,那就是吸收。这种方式的好处是显而易见的:首先,对于这个世界来说,你吸收的信息越多,就越能理解到它的复杂多样。海绵式思维的第二个好处,是它的相对被动性。它一般比较快捷简单,并不需要繁复艰辛的脑力劳动,在给出的材料清晰明了、饶有趣味的时候更是这样。它要求的基本脑力劳动不外乎两点: There is a common way of thinking, similar to the sponge’s reaction to water, which is absorption. The benefits of this approach are obvious: First, for the world, the more information you absorb, the more you understand its complexity. The second benefit of spongy thinking is its relative passivity. It is generally quick and easy, does not require complicated hard work, given the material clear and interesting even more so. It requires no more than two basic mental tasks: