有关西班牙1936—1939年内战后哲学思想发展的特点,国外已写了不少著作。所有作者都指出,在共和国失败和五十多万共和政体的拥护者侨居国外后,文化传统出现了中断。三十年代主要的哲学家都、在国外侨居。J.奥尔特加-加塞特在1946年前也侨居外国。奥尔特加的许多学生和信徒(所谓“马德里学派”的代表人物) Spain has 1936-1939 after the development of the philosophy of the characteristics of the post-war philosophy, has written a lot of foreign writings. All authors point out that after the failure of the Republic and the advocacy of the more than 500,000 republican governments abroad, the cultural tradition broke off. The major philosophers of the 1930s resided abroad. J. Ortega-Gasset also lived abroad before 1946. Many of Ortega’s students and believers (the so-called “school of Madrid”)