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目的研究三峡外迁农村移民社会支持状况及相关因素。方法采用分层抽样和整群抽样,对重庆市开县外迁到山东、插花安置的移民进行基本情况、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)问卷调查。结果①移民组SSRS支持得分均低于当地居民组(P<0.001);②不同年龄、受教育程度、健康状况以及与当地居民交流状况的移民主观支持和社会支持总分差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);移民主观支持和支持利用度在职业间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同收入组移民客观支持差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);③相关分析表明移民社会支持总分与其经济收入呈正相关关系(P<0.05),与健康状况、与当地居民交流状况呈负相关关系(P均<0.05)。结论移民组较当地居民组社会支持普遍偏低,应针对影响移民社会支持获得的因素采取措施,做好移民后期扶持工作。
Objective To study the social support status and related factors of relocated rural migrants in Three Gorges. Methods The stratified sampling and cluster sampling were used to survey the basic situation and social support rating scale (SSRS) of migrants relocating to Shandong and arranging flower arrangement in Kaixian County, Chongqing Municipality. Results ① The SSRS scores of immigrants were lower than those of local residents (P <0.001). ② The differences of subjective support and social support scores of immigrants with different ages, education levels, health conditions and the exchange status with local residents were statistically significant P <0.05). The differences of subjective support and support utilization between the two groups were statistically significant (P <0.05); the objective support differences among different income groups were statistically significant (P <0.05); ③The correlation analysis showed that the social support The total score was positively correlated with its economic income (P <0.05), and negatively correlated with the state of health and local residents’ communication (all P <0.05). Conclusion The social support of resettlement groups is generally lower than that of local residents groups. Measures should be taken in response to the factors that affect the social support of immigrants so that they can do the post-migration support work well.