目的了解新疆地区腹部恶性肿瘤的住院患者疾病构成,为进一步进行大规模的流行病学调查提供理论依据。方法回顾性分析2002-2012年新疆医科大学第一附属医院14 485例住院恶性肿瘤患者的性别、年龄、族别、病种分布。结果住院患者中排在前5位的腹部恶性肿瘤依次为肝脏恶性肿瘤、结肠恶性肿瘤、胃恶性肿瘤、肾恶性肿瘤、胰腺恶性肿瘤。少数民族和汉族患者的发病构成上稍有不同,汉族占75.48%,维吾尔族占13.88%,哈萨克族占4.71%,其他民族占5.93%,结论新疆地区腹部恶性肿瘤分布具有区域特点和民族特点,需要根据新疆的具体特点制定肿瘤防控政策。 Objective To understand the constitution of inpatients with malignant tumors in the abdomen in Xinjiang and to provide a theoretical basis for further large-scale epidemiological investigation. Methods The gender, age, ethnicity and disease distribution of 14 485 hospitalized patients with malignant tumors in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from 2002 to 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. Results Among the top 5 inpatients with malignant tumors of the abdomen, there were liver cancer, colon cancer, gastric cancer, renal cancer and pancreatic cancer. Han and Han ethnic groups accounted for 75.48%, Uygur ethnicity accounted for 13.88%, Kazak ethnic group accounted for 4.71%, and other ethnic groups accounted for 5.93%. Conclusion The distribution of malignant tumors in the belly of Xinjiang has regional and ethnic characteristics, According to the specific characteristics of Xinjiang to develop cancer prevention and control policies.