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来源于发光水母的绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)于1994年首次被作为报告基因应用。其内源的荧光基团受到紫外光或蓝光激发时可高效发射清晰可见的绿光,并可在细胞内稳定表达,不需要任何反应底物及其他辅助因子,不影响细胞功能,检测直观方便,可在活体内进行,已成为当今生命科学各领域中应用广泛的新型标记基因。作为一种性质独特、理想的荧光示踪标记物,GFP在角膜内皮疾病的基因治疗研究中,也展示了广阔的应用前景。就GFP的特性及GFP标记示踪技术在角膜内皮疾病基因研究中的应用进展进行综述。
Green fluorescent protein (GFP) derived from luminescent jellyfish was first reported as a reporter gene in 1994. Its endogenous fluorophores can emit green light with high efficiency when excited by ultraviolet light or blue light, and can stably express in cells without any reaction substrate and other cofactors. It does not affect cell function and is intuitive and convenient for detection , Can be carried out in vivo and has become a widely used new marker gene in all fields of life sciences today. As a kind of unique and ideal fluorescence tracer, GFP also shows broad application prospect in the gene therapy research of corneal endothelium disease. This review summarizes the characteristics of GFP and the application of GFP labeling in the gene research of corneal endothelium diseases.