近几年来,我国的经济体制改革已取得举世瞩目的成就,人们对这场以发展社会主义商品经济为中心的改革在推进社会生产力的发展、繁荣国民经济和改善人民生活等方面所起的积极作用,是普遍承认的,但是,对这场改革在道德后果方面的认识,却出现了分歧。一种观点认为,改革虽然促进了商品经济的发展,但却必然会使人丢掉大公无私、舍己为人的共产主义道德品质,造成道德上的退步和堕落;另一种观点认为,改革使生产力和生产关系不断发展和完善,这就自然而然会使人们的道德水平与之同步前进。我认为,这两种观点所涉及的问题实际上就是在发展社会主义商品经济的同时,还要不要和能不能进行社会主义道德建设以及怎样进行社会主义道德建设的问题。本文试就此谈谈自己的看法。 In recent years, China’s reform of the economic system has made remarkable achievements in the world. People are enthusiastic about the reform that has centered on the development of the socialist commodity economy in advancing the development of social productive forces, prospering the national economy and improving people’s livelihood. Its role is universally acknowledged, however, differences have arisen about the moral consequences of the reform. One view holds that although the reform has promoted the development of the commodity economy, it will inevitably discourage the selfless and self-denying communist morality and cause a moral regression and degradation. Another view is that the reform will make the relations between the productive forces and the production relations Continuous development and improvement, which naturally will make people’s moral level with it. In my opinion, the issues involved in these two views are, in fact, the question of whether or not socialism can be built and how to carry out socialist morality while developing the socialist commodity economy. This article try to talk about their own views.