人类的认知模式体现在语言中,而原始象形文字也反映了这一认知过程,相比于语言本身而言,其造字理据所保留的语义也更加接近词语的本义。通过五组纳西语的身体词,结合东巴文的古文字字形,讨论了“身物互喻”在事物命名中的运用。认为转喻和隐喻是人类自然语言普遍遵循的构词手段,在不同民族文化的背景之下,又形成了独特的词义表现。 The human cognitive model is embodied in the language, while the original hieroglyph also reflects the cognitive process. Compared with the language itself, the semantics retained by its justification are closer to the original meaning of the word. Through the five groups of body words in Naxi language and the ancient Chinese glyphs in Dongba language, this paper discusses the application of “body metaphor ” in the naming of things. Considering that metonymy and metaphor are the means of word formation generally followed by human natural language, under the background of different national cultures, they form unique meanings of words.