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氟,是非金属中最活泼的元素。它的氧化性极强,有毒,有极强的腐蚀性。当初人们发现和认识它,并不是件容易的事情。早在三百年前,法国纽伦堡玻璃学校的发明家和宝石雕刻师施万豪特,首先把萤石放入硫酸中,用从中产生的气体来刻蚀玻璃。到了1771年,化学家舍勒进一步研究,才认识到这种气体原来就是氟化氢,水溶液叫氢氟酸。氢氟酸腐蚀性很强,被它烧伤以后,发病持久,愈合很慢。只有用铅和银制的器皿才能收盛它。因此,化学家们要把氟提取出来,仍然困难重重。
Fluorine is the most active element in non-metals. It’s very oxidizing, toxic, highly corrosive. It was not easy for people to discover and recognize it. As early as three hundred years ago, inventor and gemstone artist Schwanhout, a glass school in Nuremberg, France, first placed fluorite in sulfuric acid and etched the glass with gas generated from it. By 1771, chemist Scheeler further study, only to realize that this gas was originally hydrogen fluoride, hydrofluoric acid solution called. Hydrofluoric acid is very corrosive, after it burns, the onset of long-lasting, healing is very slow. Only lead and silver vessels can receive it. Therefore, it is still very difficult for chemists to extract fluorine.