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目的探讨膳食因素与男性口腔癌发病的关系,为口腔癌的防治提供参考依据。方法采用以医院为基础病例对照研究方法对2010年9月—2014年12月在福建医科大学附属第一医院口颌面外科就诊的313例新发男性口腔癌患者及同期在该医院进行健康体检和在其他科室就诊的575例男性非口腔相关疾病患者进行面访调查。结果病例组患者食禽类频率≥1次/天、食鱼类频率≥1次/天、食海鲜频率≥1次/天、食绿叶蔬菜频率≥1次/天、食非绿叶蔬菜频率≥1次/天、规律补充保健品、规律补充维生素片、饮用咖啡、食水果频率<1和≥1次/天的比例分别为1.28%、15.65%、7.35%、74.44%、69.97%、3.83%、2.56%、0.96%、46.01%和11.50%,均低于对照组患者的6.78%、43.48%、24.87%、94.61%、93.22%、12.17%、10.61%、4.52%、51.48%和34.43%,病例组患者饮食喜好较咸的比例(46.64%)高于对照组患者(43.82%),差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);多因素条件logistic回归分析结果显示,饮食喜好较咸是男性口腔癌发病的危险因素,食鱼类频率≥1次/天、食海鲜频率≥1次/天、食绿叶蔬菜频率≥1次/天、食非绿叶蔬菜频率≥1次/天、规律补充维生素片、规律补充保健品、食水果频率<1和≥1次/天是男性口腔癌发病的保护因素。结论食用鱼类、海鲜、水果、绿叶和非绿叶蔬菜、规律补充维生素片和保健品、饮食喜好较咸等膳食因素对男性口腔癌的发病产生一定影响。
Objective To investigate the relationship between dietary factors and the incidence of oral cancer in men and provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of oral cancer. Methods A case-control study based on a hospital-based approach was conducted in 313 newly diagnosed male patients with oral cancer who received oral and maxillofacial surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University from September 2010 to December 2014 and their physical examination at the same hospital And 575 other male patients with non-oral related diseases who were interviewed in other departments. Results In the case group, the frequency of eating poultry was ≥1 times per day, the frequency of feeding fish ≥1times / day, the frequency of feeding seafood≥1times / day, the frequency of eating green vegetables≥1times / day, the frequency of eating non-leafy vegetables≥1times / Day, the proportion of regularly supplemented health products, regular vitamin supplements, drinking coffee and fruit frequency <1 and ≥1 times / day were 1.28%, 15.65%, 7.35%, 74.44%, 69.97%, 3.83% and 2.56 %, 0.96%, 46.01% and 11.50% respectively, which were lower than that of the control group by 6.78%, 43.48%, 24.87%, 94.61%, 93.22%, 12.17%, 10.61%, 4.52%, 51.48% and 34.43% (46.64%) was higher than that of the control group (43.82%), the difference was statistically significant (all P <0.05). The multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis showed that the diet preference was more salty than that of the male oral cavity Cancer risk factors, the frequency of fish consumption ≥ 1 times / day, eating seafood frequency ≥ 1 times / day, eating green leafy vegetables ≥ 1 times / day, eating non-green leafy vegetables ≥ 1 times / day, regular vitamin supplements , Regular supplement health products, fruit frequency of eating <1 and ≥ 1 times / day is the protective factor of the incidence of oral cancer in men. Conclusions Dietary factors such as fish, seafood, fruits, green leaves and non-leafy green vegetables, regular vitamin supplements and health supplements, and dietary preference and salty dietary factors have a certain impact on the incidence of oral cancer in men.