多发性硬化(multiple sclerosis,MS)是一种能累及中枢神经系统的自身免疫性疾病。目前已知T细胞功能的异常是导致MS发病的主要原因。最近研究发现,microRNA在调控T细胞活化以及介导致病过程中起到关键作用,已成为当前研究的热点之一。本文就目前已知的microRNA在调控T细胞活化并介导MS发病机制的相关研究作一综述。 Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system. It is known that abnormality of T cell function is the main reason leading to the onset of MS. Recent studies have found that microRNAs play a key role in the regulation of T cell activation and mediation of pathogenicity and have become one of the hot topics in current research. This review summarizes the current research on the role of microRNAs in the regulation of T cell activation and the pathogenesis of MS.