一、WTO既规范政府的行为,又承认政府作用的存在。现代世界市场经济是市场经济发展的高级阶段,它与初期阶段自由放任的市场经济相比,重要的区别是政府的调节作用已经成为市场体系及其运行的有机组成部分。一国政府对本国经济贸易管理的权利是一国主权的重要表现,世贸组织不会也不可能要求其成员出让国家主权。世贸组织框架下多边贸易体制的实行,虽然规范了各成员国的政府行为,但也同时承认政府对贸易的促进和保护作用。它一方面强调只有通过关税来保护本国生产,不允许数量限制等行政性干预,并且要求发展中国家引用保障条款保护国内市场。 First, WTO not only regulates the behavior of the government, but also recognizes the existence of the government. The modern world market economy is an advanced stage in the development of market economy. Compared with the laissez-faire market economy in the initial stage, the important difference is that the regulatory role of the government has become an integral part of the market system and its operation. The right of a country’s government to the management of its economy and trade is an important manifestation of the sovereignty of a country. The WTO does not and can not require its members to transfer state sovereignty. The implementation of the multilateral trade system under the WTO framework, while regulating the government actions of member states, at the same time acknowledges the role of government in promoting and protecting trade. On the one hand, it emphasizes that only administrative intervention, such as the protection of its own production through tariffs and the restriction on quantity, should not be imposed. Developing countries are also required to make reference to safeguards to protect the domestic market.