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农民工的社会形象关涉城市社会对农民工群体的认知与评价,并在一定程度上折射城市社会对农民工群体的认同情况。按照社会融入的要求,新生代农民工的社会形象要优于老一代农民工。用北京市民对两代农民工的评价数据对此予以检验。在北京市民的眼中,新生代农民工在现代城市文明特质上的得分与老一代农民工相比有所提高,但其在传统农业文明积极特质上的得分显著下降,并且后者的下降程度远远大于前者的提高程度,这导致北京市民对新生代农民工的综合评价明显低于其对老一代农民工的综合评价。由此可见,相较于老一代农民工,新生代农民工的总体性社会形象不仅没有提高,反而显著下降。研究结果提示,城市社会对农民工群体的社会认同有待提高,农民工的市民化道路仍任重道远。
The social image of migrant workers is related to the urban society’s cognition and evaluation of migrant workers and to a certain extent, it reflects the urban society’s recognition of migrant workers. In accordance with the requirements of social integration, the social image of the new generation of migrant workers is superior to the older generation of migrant workers. This is verified by the evaluation data of Beijing’s two generations of migrant workers. In the eyes of Beijing citizens, the new generation of migrant workers scored higher on the characteristics of modern urban civilization than the older generation of migrant workers, but their scores on the positive qualities of traditional agricultural civilization dropped significantly, and the decline of the latter far Far greater than the former, which led Beijing citizens to appraise the new generation of migrant workers comprehensively lower than their comprehensive evaluation of the older generation of migrant workers. Thus, compared to the older generation of migrant workers, the overall social image of the new generation of migrant workers not only failed to improve, but significantly decreased. The results suggest that the social recognition of migrant workers in urban society needs to be improved. The road of migrant workers’ urbanization still has a long way to go.