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基于热致变色和电致变色的可变发射率涂层或器件由于其重量轻、体积小、能耗少、调控灵活等优点在航天器热控技术中具有极大的应用前景。红外发射率可变材料是可变发射率涂层或器件的核心,主要有电致变发射率材料和热致变发射率材料两类。分析了红外发射率可变材料在航天器热控中应用的原理,重点介绍了钙钛矿型复合氧化物(A1-xBxMO3)、二氧化钒(VO2)、三氧化钨(WO3)、导电高分子(CPs)等四类典型红外发射率可变材料应用于航天器热控的研究进展。根据航天器总体和热控技术的发展需求,指出了未来航天器热控用红外发射率可变材料的发展趋势。
Variable emissivity coatings or devices based on thermochromism and electrochromism have great application prospects in spacecraft thermal control technology due to their advantages such as light weight, small size, low energy consumption and flexible control. Infrared Emissivity Variable materials are the core of variable emissivity coatings or devices, mainly of electro- and emissivity materials. The principle of the application of infrared emissivity variable materials in thermal control of spacecraft was analyzed. The characteristics of perovskite-type composite oxide (A1-xBxMO3), vanadium dioxide (VO2), tungsten trioxide (WO3) (CPs) and other four types of typical infrared emissivity variable materials used in spacecraft thermal control research. According to the requirements of the development of spacecraft overall and thermal control technology, the future development trend of infrared emissivity variable materials for spacecraft thermal control is pointed out.