The hippocampal dentate gyms (DG) in the adult mammalian brain contains neural stern/progenitor cells (NS/ PCs) capable of generating new neurons,i.e.,adult neurogenesis.Newborn granule neurons in DG can migrate from subgranular layer to the molecular layer and maturate and take part into the circuits of normal physiological function.The hippocampus is extensively innervated by cholinergic fibers mainly originating from the septal nucleus and it was reported that acetylcholine (ACh) can affect the adult neurogenesis.However the exact relationship between the ACh and adult neurogenesis is still not clearly.In the present study electrophysiological recording was carried out to examine the effects of the cholinergic agonists carbachal (CCh) on the long-term potentiation (LTP) induced in the newborn immature neurons and mature neurons respectively in DG in order to investigate the mechanisms of the CCh on learning and memory.