Objective: A growing number of studies have examined the association between coffee consumption and the risk of prostate cancer,but the controversy is continuing over this relationship.To further estimate this issue,we conducted a meta-analysis based on up-to-date published relevant studies.Methods: Eligible studies published up to February 2013 were screened and retrieved using PubMed and EMBASE as well as manual review of references.Pooled relative risks(RRs)with 95%confidence intervals(CIs)were calculated with random effect models.Generalized least-squares trend estimation analysis to examine dose-response relationships.Meta-analyses were conducted with STATA 11.0.Results: In total,23 studies(12 case-control and 11 cohort studies)on coffee consumption with 12,554 prostate cancer patients were included in the meta-analysis.The pooled RR of prostate cancer for high vs.non/lowest coffee consumption was 1.10(95%CI: 0.98-1.24).By study design,the pooled RRs were 1.22(95%CI: 1.06-1.40)for case-control studies and 1.00(95%CI: 0.83-1.20)for cohort studies.By geographic area,the RRs were 1.07(95%CI: 0.85-1.35)for 9 studies from Europe,1.08(95%CI: 0.92-1.27)for 11 studies conducted in America;1.36(95%CI: 0.99-1.86)for 3 studies from Asia.According to the quality of studies,the pooled RRs for high quality and low quality were 1.19(95%CI: 0.97-1.45),1.28(95%CI:1.03-1.58),respectively,in the case-control studies;and 1.04(95%CI: 0.85-1.28),0.87(95%CI: 0.57-1.32),respectively,in the cohort studies.A pooled RR for an increment of one cup per day of coffee intake was 0.99(95%CI: 0.98-1.01).Conclusions: Our findings indicate that coffee consumption has no remarkable effect on prostate cancer incidence.Further high quality of prospective cohort studies are required to clarify this relationship.