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OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the effects of fluoxetine on white matter changes in a rat model of depression.METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control group, CUS (chronic unpredictable stress, CUS) group and FLX (fluoxetine, FLX) group.After four week chronic unpredictable stress stimulation, the control group and the CUS group rats were treated with saline, and the FLX group rats were treated with fluoxetine at dose of 5 mg/kg/day.The sucrose preference was measured weekly.The white matter volume, the total length and total volume of the myelinated fibers in white matter, the total volume of the myelin sheaths in the white matter were calculated with the stereological methods.