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Objective Division of the CA1, CA3 and dentate gyms (DG) regions of the hippocampus of Wistar rat under the stereomicroscope.Methods Twenty-four Wistar rats were randomly assigned into 3 groups.(1) The brain was sectioned coronally (n =6).The sections were stained with thionin, and the morphology of cells in each region of the hippocampus was observed under microscopy.(2) The hippocampus was dissected out and observed on the whole (n =6).Then the CA 1, CA3 and DG regions of the hippocampus were divided.The each region divided was sectioned, and the morphology of cells was observed.(3) Rats with brain ischemia or not were also decapitated and HSP 70 expression was observed in CA1, CA3 + DG regions by Western blot and immunohistochemical staining (n =12).Results (1) The CA1, CA3 and DG regions of the hippocampus could be clearly observed in coronal section of the brain stained by thionin.(2) Under the stereomicroscope, the CA1 and DG regions of the hippocampus could be separated along the hippocampal fissure between them in ventral surface of the hippocampus.The CA3 and DG regions of the hippocampus could be separated along a fissure between them.The appearance of cells in the sections of the divided CA1, CA3 and DG specimens is consistent with that in the brain coronal sections, respectively.(3) The results of Western blot indicated that the HSP 70 expression of the brain ischemia group was up-regulated significantly in CA3 + DG regions compared with the sham group.However, HSP 70 expression has no significant changes in CA1 region.The above results were consistent with those of the immunohistochemical staining.Conclusion The CA1, CA3 and DG regions of the hippocampus of Wistar rat could be divided under stereomicroscope, and the divided each region was sensible for detection of protein using Western blot.