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The effects of multi-axial compression(MAC)on the microstructural evolution of pure Al and Al-4%Mg alloy were investigated.It has shown that the Mg addition to Al has greatly changed the microstructure evolution process.The microstructural evolution of pure Al and Al-4%Mg specimens subjected to MAC were observed by TEM and characterized by EBSD,indicating that coarse grain pure Al or Al-4%Mg alloy refinement process have obvious difference:(1)orientation splitting for pure Al;(2)shear banding refinement at low strain and orientation splitting at high strain for Al-4%Mg alloy.In addition,the solute Mg can hinder the dislocation slip and retard the dynamic recovery during the deformation process.Thus,the Al-4%Mg alloy has a slow misorientation evolution compared with pure Al and an obviously hardness evolution difference exists between Al-4%Mg alloy and pure Al at the same deformation condition.