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Life-threatening infections have been reported in patients with cancer and have been ascribed to a lower ability of the host defense system.Infections can be caused by enteric bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Enterobacter species or bacteria usually found on the skin such as Staphylococcus aureus and S.epidermidis.Some types of eaneer, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, stem cell and bone marrow transplants and steroids can cause neutropenia, disrupt skin and mucosal barriers and impair the reticuloendothelial function.In this study it was questioned if the infections could also be the result of an increased resistance of bacteria due to adaptation to antineoplastic agents used in chemotherapy.