Background: Bacterial and enzymatic conversion of lignocellulosic materials into soluble sugars has wide application in ethanol production.However,large-scale utilization is not economically available yet due to a few hassles such as high enzyme loadings.Consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) is a potential fermentation strategy for the second generation bioenergy production and C.thermocellum has been widely considered as a CBP potential strain.Even though owning the ability to secret cellulase,the hydrolysis efficiency of this strain is low,in addition to most carbohydrates sliding to the synthesis of acetic acid in metabolic flow,which impairs the production of ethanol seriously.A number of non-ionic surfactants have been reported in stabilizing the cellulase,while none of them were stated in the CBP fermentation.In order to improve biocatalysis efficiency of cellulase and accumulate fermentable sugars in CBP,several non-ionic surfactants were studied as auxiliary elements.Results: The performance of sugarcane bagasse bioconversion was remarkable with the assistance of non-ionic surfactant added in CBP system.Results show that additions of Triton X-100 and Tween 20 have significant influence on residual sugar accumulation,while Tween 80,PEG 4000,and PEG 6000 were comparatively lower.In particular,addition of Triton X-100 at 96h,the residual sugars in the broth obviously increased and the reducing sugars recovery reaches 64.47±1.16%,comparing with the process without surfactant addition (3.1±0.39%).Besides,in CBP using C.thermocellulum with Trition X-100,more ethanol and residual sugars can be accumulated with hydrogen production of 21.18±0.36mmol/l.Conclusion: Non-ionic surfactant was implied to be helpful in the CBP process of SCB bioconversion.Triton X-100 is the most promising surfactant by improving the saccharification efficiency of SCB,which makes the CBP a more economical way in biorefinery.