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In the past decade,bacterial resistance to most antibiotics has prompted interest in developing novel antimicrobials.Developing antimicrobials for Gram-negative bacteria is particularly challenging due to the presence of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)as a component of the outer membrane,which has a crucial role as an environmental barrier.We have previously demonstrated that a positively charged branched peptide,B2088,with 18 amino acid-sequences,modified from the C-terminus of human β-defensin,showed potent antimicrobial properties against Gram-negative bacteria.