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To investigate the hpyerglycemic activity and elucidate the active composition of the fruit of Phyllanthus emblica L.,an edible and medicinal plant used for Traditional Chinese medicine and Tibetan medicine to cure the blood disease,bacon disease,liver disease,heart disease and hypertension.The LO2 normal liver cell lines were used to investigate the hpyerglycemic activity.The LO2 cells were treated with 100,200 and 400 μg/mL extracts of P.emblica L.;Real-Time PCR was used to detect the expression of GLUT-2(Glucose transporter type 2)and PPARγ(peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ)mRNA.The PPRE(peroxisome proliferator response element)and NF-KB activities were detected by luciferase method.The chemical compositions were analyzed by HPLC-MS.The expression of GLUT-2 and PPARγ mRNA were significantly increased treated with 400 μg/mL extracts of P.emblica L.(P<0.05)and in a dose-dependant manner;PPRE activity was significantly increased in a dose-dependant manner(P<0.05);however,NF-KB activity induced by LPS was inhibited also in a dose-dependant manner(P<0.05).The chemical composition analyzed by HPLC-MS showed that the gallic acid was the major component in P.emblica L.P.emblica L.showed promising hpyerglycemic activity and the gallic acid was the main constituent.