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As is known to all,aluminum is the third most abundant element in the earths crust.It widely exists in theenvironment due to acidic rain and is considered to be toxic in biological activities1.Regarding toxicological effectsof aluminum,its primary targets are different from those of heavy metals.The widespread use of aluminum inwater treatment,as a food additive,and in many industrial activities including the manufacturing of cars andcomputers often exposes people to this metal.Excessive exposure of the human body to Al3+ leads to themalfunction of central nervous system such as Alzheimers disease and Parkinsons disease.The WHOrecommended the average daily human intake of Al3+ of around 3-10 mg and weekly tolerable dietary intake as 7mg kg-1 body weight.Therefore,trace level determination of Al3+ is highly important.While some rhodamine-based chemosensors for metal ions have been reported to date2-4,dual colorimetric andfluorescent chemosensors for Al3+ were still rare and some of them were not efficient enough to be selective toward Al3+ or sensed it in organic solvents.Therefore,developing sensors which are able to detect Al3+ by bothfluorescence and naked eye in aqueous solution are very valuable.Here,we report a new N-stablizationrhodamine-based fluorescent probes which exhibited selective and sensitive detection toward Al3+ via significantfluorescence enhancement in aqueous solution,and,at the same time,showed a significant color change fromcolorless to red.The mechanism of fluorescence was based on the aluminum complexation with rhodamine andsubsequent Al3+-promoted hydrolysis of the Schiff base.A simple paper test strip system for the rapid monitoring of Al3+ was developed,indicating its convenient use in environmental samples.To the best of our knowledge,none ofrhodamine-based probes which fluorescent mechanism is based on the Al3+-promoted hydrolysis of the Schiff basehave been reported for detection of Al3+ up to now.