Objective This retrospective study evaluated the efficacy and safety of percutaneous lauromacrogol foam sclerotherapy for treating lymphatic malformations(LMs)causing acute airway compression in infants.Method Five cases of infants with LMs causing acute airway compression were successfully treated with lauromacrogol foam sclerotherapy in the Radiology Department of Wuhan Childrens Hospital between February 2013 and August 2015.Cervical and sublingual LMs combined with hemorrhages were progressed and oppressed the trachea,causing breathing and feeding difficulties.All patients in this study were diagnosed as LMs by CT examination and the DSA imaging.All the treatment was perforemed under the guidance of ultrasound.We extracted most cyst liquid from the LMs to reduce the surface tension and respiratory pressure symptoms,and percutaneously injected lauromacrogol foam into the cyst of LMs.The dose of the agent was decided according to the size of the LMs,and the amount of our patients was from 3 to 8 ml.After treatment,the patients breathed spontaneously without endotracheal intubation and ate independently.Result The five patients were treated in 16 sessions,and the treatment results showed that the cyst cavity were narrowed and almost disappeared.Subsequent follow-up lasted 3 months to 2 years with 4 cases were clinically cured and 1 was significantly improved.There were no cases of recurrence,serious complications,or adverse reactions.Conclusion Percutaneous sclerotherapy with lauromacrogoloam is safe and highly effective and should be considered a first-line treatment for LMs causing acute airway compression.