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For the past 10 years, human genetics studies, especially genome-wide association scans, such as genome-wide association studies (GWAS), whole exome sequencing (WES) and whole genome sequencing studies (WGS) have identified many novel genetic loci that are associated with common diseases.However, more than 90% of GWAS top associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are located in either inter-genetic or intron region with unknown function, which makes it difficult to translate these findings into clinical use.