Schistosomiasis japonica,caused by Schistosoma japonicum,is an endemic,zoonotic parasitic disease,and domestic animals play an important role in transmission of the disease.China was mostly hit and widely affected by schistosomiasis japonica in history,but now the prevalence has been effectively controlled.Since the mid-1950s when China launched the National Schistosomiasis Control Programme,the control of domestic animal schistosomiasis has been carried out almost synchronously with that of human schistosomiasis,and this concept has been proven to be effective.Generally,this campaign went through four phases over the past six decades in schistosomiasis japonica control in domestic animals in China,and great success has been achieved following implementation of the control strategies adaptive to socioeconomic development as well as the changing characteristics of the disease endemic situation at specific phase.