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Lanthanide-doped upeonversion nanoparticles possess unique upconversion optical properties and biocompatibility, which hold great potential for biomedical applications such as bioimaging and controlled drug release.In this study, we synthesized multi-layer structured upconversion nanoparticles (NPs) β-NaYF4∶Yb,Er @OA@SiO2by coating NaYF4∶Yb,Er core with polymeric Oleic acid (OA) and mesoporous SiO2 layer via a chemical process and reverse microemulsion method using surfactants as template.