影响近代英、法、美三国政体发展不同的一个深层因素,是社会结社在三国的发展分殊流变以及由此带来的社会权力结构形态和法律与权力关系样态的变化。近代西方社会结社的产生和发展由来,主要根源于西罗马帝国灭亡之后西欧再没有出现一个泛欧洲的一元专制帝国,而在当时君权控制能力不足的情况下,尊重和承认社会结社自治就成为一种必然。正是由于社会结社的存在和发展,使得中世纪西欧多元权力共存结构得以形成。而中世纪西欧“法律至上”的形成,所立基的深层社会基础正是这种多元权力共存结构。 One of the deep-seated factors that affect the development of the political system in Britain, France and the United States in modern times is the very different development of social associations in the Three Kingdoms and the changes in the patterns of social power structures and legal-power relations. The origination and development of modern Western social association mainly originated from the fact that there was no pan-European monopoly empire in Western Europe after the fall of the Western Roman Empire. However, under the condition that the power of monarchy was not enough at that time, respect and recognition of social autonomy of society became one Kind inevitable. It is precisely because of the existence and development of social association that the coexistence of multiple powers in Western Europe was formed during the Middle Ages. In the Middle Ages, the formation of the “legal supremacy” and the deep social foundation of the foundations were the coexistent structures of multiple powers.