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Purpose/Objective(s):Radiotherapy is one of the predominant methods for the treatment of primary and secondary brain tumors.Unfortunately,radioactive neurotoxicity in normal brain affects the quality of life (QOL) for cancer survivors.Acute and chronic cognitive decline have been observed in patients who survive post- radiotherapy.Acute cognitive dysfunction has become the barriers to improve therapies and prophylaxes for head and neck cancer.The present study aimed to investigate the effect of single dose of 2Gy,10Gy,and 30Gy whole brain irradiation (WBI) on acute cognitive function in Sprague-Dawley rats and to investigate the role of epigenetics in the irradiation-induced cognitive deficiency by observing the alterations of histone acetylation in the hippocampus of rats after irradiation.