细胞在纤维性细胞外基质的长程相互作用

来源 :第十五届全国物理力学学术会议 | 被引量 : 0次 | 上传用户:nextronnpf
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  细胞在纤维性细胞外基质中能感知并响应长距离的力学信号。最近实验发现细胞外基质的纤维特性导致长程力学信号的传递,然而其物理机制以及细胞形状与收缩力的影响仍有待研究。我们研究了影响细胞外基质中长程力传递的全部因素,包括胶原纤维的转动与集束、纤维的应变硬化以及细胞的伸长与极化。胶原蛋白网络是细胞外基质与结缔组织主要的承力组分,在拉伸与压缩载荷下表现出非对称的刚度和泊松比。我们建立胶原蛋白网络的三维离散模型,描述了多轴载荷状态下纤维的集束排列以及侧向收缩,预测了纤维力学性质和网络连通性对网络非线性刚度和泊松比的影响。基于离散模拟结果,我们建立了纤维性材料的各向异性非线性本构模型,用有限元方法研究了细胞在纤维性基质中的长程相互作用。解析与模拟结果表明纤维性基质的拉压非对称刚度和泊松比是导致长程力传递的原因,其力学信号传输范围随细胞收缩力的增加而扩大,伸长极化的细胞具有更远的力学感知距离。纤维本构模型再现了胶原蛋白重塑过程中细胞间高密度路径的形成,预测了泊松效应对细胞基质相互作用和细胞外基质重塑的影响。
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