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At the taxonomic level of class, four main classes namely Sordariomycetes, Pezizomycetes,Dothideomycetes and Eurotiomycetes were classified into Ascomycota based on their taxonomic morphological characters.The key solution of taxonomy in Ascomycota was to confirm whether the taxonomic criteria of morphological characters were consistent with their phylogenetic relationship.In this study, the rRNA gene cluster including 18S, 28S, 5.8S from Sordariomycetes,Pezizomycetes, Dothideomycetes and Eurotiomycetes were used in the phylogenetic study.And the phylogenetic trees were also constructed to evaluate thetaxonomic morphological characters,namely: the type of ascocarp, ascus unitunicate or bitunicate, perithecium with ostiole or closed,apothecium, ascus wall exist in the whole or early period of life time, ascospore with or without septation.The results of preliminary analysis indicated that the morphological classification system of Sordariomycetes and Eurotiomycetes were consistent with their phylogenetic relationship.However the morphological classification system of Pezizomycetes and Dothideomycetes were not consistent with their phylogenetic relationship and were intermediate groups between Sordariomycetes and Eurotiomycetes.The results also showed that rRNA gene cluster including 18S, 28S, 5.8S could be used in the phylogenetic analysis at the taxonomic levels of class, order and family in Ascomycota.