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A PSO (particle swarm optimization) algorithm-based error calibration method is presented for tri-axial magnetometer.The calibration of bias error and scale factor error in tri-axial magnetometer is completed.The specific algorithm derivation is shown in this paper and the error calibration optimization function is defined.The simulation results show that,the convergence speed of particle swarm optimization algorithm is fast with high accuracy.This method makes the tri-axial magnetometer measurement error reduce to 0~150nT from 400nT~1500nT,which demonstrates the feasibility of themethod.