本文用费用-效益分析法评价了b型流感嗜血杆菌(HIB)多糖菌苗对预防细菌性脑膜炎的效果.作者选择了脑膜炎年发病率为60/10万以及其它系统疾病的年发病率为40/10万的人群进行分析.对HIB菌苗接种规划的短期和长期效益和费用作了比较.如从18月龄开始实施菌苗接种规划,在0～5岁的人群中估计可防止2,582人发病及129例患者死亡.另外,可防止368名儿童因患HIB脑膜炎而发生的神经系统后遗症.菌苗接种规划费用为890万美元,即每预防1例患者的费用为3,400美元.短期费用可净节约420万美元;长期护理费用可节约2,650万美元.短期和长期费用总计可净 In this paper, the cost-benefit analysis was used to evaluate the effect of Hib polysaccharide vaccine against bacterial meningitis.The incidence of meningitis was 60/10 and the annual incidence of other systemic diseases Rates of 40/10 million were analyzed for short and long term benefits and costs of HIB vaccine vaccination programs compared to 18 months of age if the implementation of vaccination programs in the 0 to 5-year-old population estimated Preventing 2,582 morbidity and 129 deaths, as well as preventing neurological sequelae in 368 children with HIB meningitis, the cost of vaccination planning was $ 8.9 million, or $ 3,400 per patient for prevention Short-term costs net savings of $ 4.2 million and long-term care costs of $ 26.5 million Short-term and long-term costs total net