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Neural stem cells/neural precursors (NSCs/NPs) may play important roles in transplantation therapies for neurodegenerative diseases,but the mechanism of NSCs/NPs differentiation is poorly understood.Here,we explored the effects of ATRA (all trans-retinoic acid) or NO (nitric oxide) on the differentiation of NSCs//NPs from neonatal rats in vitro.The secondary neurospheres from subventricular zone (SVZ) region of neonatal Sprague Dawley rats were used to observe the effects of ATRA or NO on differentiation and the differentiated cells were identified by immunocytochemistry.