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Objective: This study is a randomized controlled retrospective study, the aim of which is to compare the incidence of inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) injury following lower third molars (LTM) extraction using minimally invasive extraction (MIE) based on panoramic radiograph (PRG) or cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).Methods: The sample consists of 1039 LTM with intimate relationship between LTM and IAN was evaluated by PRG.After PRG evaluation, 518 samples underwent CBCT inspection served as experimental group, and the other 521 samples without CBCT inspection served as control group.After radiological examination, all the 1039 LTM were extracted with MIE.The incidence of postoperative IAN injury was compared between the two groups.