【摘 要】
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Soil erosion by wind and water is a major form of land degradation and the drylands of Central Asia are recognized as a global hotspot.This paper presents the early results of a preliminary assessment
【机 构】
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College of Land Resources and the Environmental Science,China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmin
论文部分内容阅读
Soil erosion by wind and water is a major form of land degradation and the drylands of Central Asia are recognized as a global hotspot.This paper presents the early results of a preliminary assessment on the risks of both water and wind erosion over the five states of Central Asia namely Kazakhstan,the Kyrgyz Republic,Uzbekistan,Turkmenistan,and Tajikistan.Data used include the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer instruments (MODIS) surface reflectance and vegetation indices,digital elevation from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM),Harmonized World Soil Database (HWSD),and the baseline climate data from the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).The Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) was implemented to produce an annual risk map of water erosion whereas a simple model that combines climate erosivity,vegetation cover,and soil erodibility has been attempted to assess the monthly risks of wind erosion.Results show that mountainous areas (in particular Tajikistan and the Kyrgyz Republic) are under the highest risks of water erosion.Erosion by wind is by far the leading process of land degradation in Central Asia and the highest risks seem to occur during the dry months from May to September.Statistically downscaled precipitation and temperature data for the Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) 2020s-A2 Storyline from selected Global Climate Models (GCMs) were then used to model the plausible near-future risks of erosion within the region.
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