Objective Saccades are rapid eye movements that orient gaze toward areas of interest in the visual scene, that playing an important role in capturing visual information quickly and accurately from the outside world.As far as the known electrophysiological studies concerned: the horizontal saccades is close related to the physiological activities of excitatory burst neurons (EBNs) and inhibitory burst neurons (IBNs) in reticular formation of brainstem and the morphology of the axons.However, the detailed distribution and projection model of EBNs and IBNs in the brainstem hasnt been clear yet.The purpose of this study is trying to find out the detailed distribution and projection model of EBNs and IBNs in the brainstem associated with rapid eye movement, to further explore the neural control mechanisms of the occurrence of rapid eye movement.Methods Using electrophysiology, nerve tissue anatomy, neuronal markers and re-building as research methods.Results EBNs were located in the dorsomedial reticular formation of pons, in addition to projecting to the ipsilateral Abd, there were branches separately projecting to the ipsilateral IBNs, nucleus prepositus hypoglossi (PH) and medial vestibular nucleus (MVN); IBNs were located in the dorsomedial end of ipsilateral Abd, in addition to projecting to the opposite Abd, there were branches projecting to the contralateral IBNs and EBNs.Neurons in the rostral superior colliculus were related to fixation of visual attention, and neurons in the caudal superior colliculus were related to rapid eye movement.Neurons in the rostral superior colliculus were projecting to the midline omnipause neurons (OPNs) in the contralateral reticular formation of brain stem, and neurons in the caudal superior colliculus were projecting to the contralateral EBN and IBN in the reticular formation of brainstem.OPNs were projecting to the contralateral EBNs and IBNs.The results of this study revealed the control mechanism of horizontal eye movement and the importance for the diagnosis and treatment of eye movement-related disease.Conclusion The rostral superior colliculus exerts monosynaptic excitation on OPNs and disynaptic inhibition on EBNs and IBNs via OPNs.