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Tuberculosis (TB) remains a serious threat to global public health, largely due to the successful manipulation of the host immunity by its etiological agent Mycobacterium tuberculosis.PE_PGRS protein family of M.tuberculosis might be a contributing factor.To investigate the roles of PE_PGRS17, the gene of PE_PGRS 17 was expressed in non-pathogenic fast growing M.smegmatis.We found that the recombinant strain survives better than the control in macrophage cultures, accompanied by more host cell death and marked higher secretion of TNF-alpha by recombinant strain compared with control.Blockage the action of Erk kinase by inhibitor can abolish above effects.In brief, our data showed that PE_PGRS 17 might facilitate pathogen survival and disserve the host cell via remodeling the macrophages immune niche largely consisting of inflammatory cytokines.This furnishes novel insight into the immune role of this Mycobacterium unique gene family.