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To explore the relationship between lipids profile and body composition in the young and middle-aged,the relationship between body composition and lipids profile was examined in 642 adults (21-60 years,178 male,464 female).According to the result of body composition assessment,they were assigned to three groups: Normal (N,n=272),Obesity (O,n=245),Sarcopenia Obesity (SO,n=125).The lipid profile among three groups and its related factors were analyzed.The results showed that in group N,O and SO,the levels of TC,TG,LDL-C increased gradually (P<0.01),and the HDL-C level decreased gradually (P<0.01).In a multiple logistic regression analysis,the odds ratio for hypercholesterolemia,hypertriglyceridemia,hyper-LDL-cholesterolemia and hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia risk increased gradually in group N,O and SO[compared to group N,the odds ratio of the four kind of dyslipidemia in group O were 2.617 (1.117-6.132),3.549 (1.481-8.503),4.618 (1.288-16.564),1.222 (0.529-2.822) respectively,and in group SO were 5.915 (2.512-13.926),10.430 (4.400-24.722),9.522 (2.637-34.388),4.253 (1.957-9.242),respectively].After adjusting for age,sex,waist-to-hip ratio and visceral fat area,the odds ratio for hypertriglyceridemia risk still increased gradually in group N,O and SO[compared to group N,the odds ratio in group O was 3.565 (1.319-9.632),and in group SO was 8.173 (2.685-24.881)].Moreover,the odds ratio for hypercholesterolemia and hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia of group SO were higher than group N [compared to group N,the odds ratio in group SO were 5.658 (1.871-17.111),6.823 (2.119-21.969) respectively].With stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis,for male,the related factors for hypercholesterolemia,hypertriglyceridemia,and hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia were high percentage of body fat; sarcopenia,sarcopenia obesity; sarcopenia,respectively.For female,the related factors for hypercholesterolemia,hypertriglyceridemia,and hyper-LDL-cholesterolemia were sarcopenia,aging; high percentage of body fat,aging; sarcopenia,aging,respectively.It is concluded that SO is the main risk factor for dyslipidemia in young and middle-aged,even more severe than obesity alone and sarcopenia is the related factor of hypertriglyceridemia,hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia for male; and the related factor of hypercholesterolemia,hyper-LDL-cholesterolemia for female.