Because of the increasingly wide application of fiber-reinforced composites in various engineering structures and consumer products, innovations in the design and manufacturing of composite structures are very important and rewarding.In the traditional design of fiber-reinforced composites, fiber is usually uniformly distributed with fixed orientations.It is well known by now that, to make full use of the special properties of fiber-reinforced composites, this practice should be changed, at least for some applications.Through tailoring of fiber orientations and fiber volume fractions spatially in an optimal fashion, mechanical properties of the composite can be improved significantly.Therefore, research on effective optimization models and solution methods is very meaningful.This paper presents a recent study on this important topic.