Background:Pancreatic cancer survival continues to be amongst the shortest of all cancers, and new therapies are urgently needed. In this study, we sought to identify the potential therapeutic effects of an adenovirus encoding human IFN-γ (Ad-IFNγ) on Capan-2 pancreatic carcinoma cells in vivio and in vitro.Methods:Recombinant adenovirus containing interferon-γ gene infected pancreatic carcinoma Capan-2 cells at varieties of MOIs (multiplicity of infection), Conditioned supernatants was harvested at 24 hr post-infection, The concentration of IFN-γ in the supernatants was determined by ELISA method. The bioactive of IFN-γ and cancer cell growth inhibition was evaluated by MTT assay in vitro, and cancer cell xenograft in vivo, respectively. Cell apoptosis was determined by annexin V-FTTC stained and TUNEL assay. The duration of IFN-γ gene expression in cancer cell xenograft was determined by Semiquantitative RT-PCR and ELISA methods. Ki-67 in all the treated animals were examined by the immunohistochemical methods.Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first study to identify that the intratumoral injection of Ad-IFN-γ could be a therapeutically protocol in the treatment of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.