Determination of HFBA-derivatized amphetamines and ketamines in urine by GC-MS

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  This study developed a rapid, sensitive, and accurate method for the simultaneously determinations of 8 commonly abused drugs/metabolites containing amine functional groups, i.e., amphetamine, methamphetamine, MDA, MDMA, MDEA, ketamine, norketamine and dehydronorketamine.The protocol included solid phase extraction, HFBA derivatization and GC-MS analysis, using d5-amphetamine, d8-methamphetamine, d5-MDA, d5-MDMA, d6-MDEA, d4-ketamine and d4-norketamine were used as the internal standards.Identification of these compounds was based on retention time information and the relative abundance of the following ions established for each analyte as derivatized by HFBA: amphetamine: 240, 118, 91; methamphetamine: 254, 210, 118; MDA: 135, 162, 239; MDMA: 254, 162, 210; MDEA: 268,162, 240; ketamine: 210, 236, 370; norketamine; 384, 356, 377; dehydronorketamine: 314, 382, 169.The following analytical parameters have also been established: linear range: 100-2000 ng/ml; limits of detection and quantitations (all in ng/ml): 60 and 75 for amphetamine; 60 and 75 for methamphetamine; 75 and 100 for MDA; 75 and 100 for MDMA; 75 and 100 for MDEA; 30 and 50 for ketamine; 50 and 75 for norketamine and 50 and 125 for dehydronorketamine.The overall method recoveries of HFBA-derivatized amphetamine analogs were 92-99%, with less than 5% CV of intra-day and inter-day of the overall analytical data.In conclusion, this method provides a uniform procedure for confir mation tests of the amphetamines and ketamine drug categories under workplace drug testing settings.Under clinical testing environment, it can be effectively used for the preliminary and confirmation test of these 8 drugs/metabolites, otherwise will have to be first screened by three immunoassays, specific for amphetamine/methamphetamine, MDA/MDMA/MDEA, and ketamines, respectively.
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