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Recently, magnetic nanoparticles are notable for their wide applications, especially in fieldsof textile and biology, which have attracted lots of attention. In this paper, we reported a facile syntheticapproach to obtain oil-soluble magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles modified by use of oleic acid. Iron oxidemagnetic nanoparticles were prepared by ferric stearate dissolved in cyclohexane, ferrous sulfate, andNaOH aqueous solutions. The choices of surfactant and its concentration led to various sizes ofnanoparticles. The sizes of magnetic nanoparticles ranged between 10 and 30 nm. The nanoparticles werecharacterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM),and X-ray power diffraction (XRD).The FT-IR results indicated that the surfaces of magnetic nanoparticleswere covered by a layer of oleic acid molecular, which altered the surface polarity of the nanoparticles.Meanwhile, these oil-soluble magnetic nanoparticles may be easily changed to be water soluble inspired bysome newly reported achievements. Therefore, the current magnetic nanoparticles may promote theapplications of magnetic nanoparticles especially for some special cases.