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人的自由的问题以及为获得自由而失败的原因问题是马克思早期著作的核心主题。马克思认为自由应符合人类普遍的理性,自由是全部精神存在的类本质;自由确实是人所固有的东西,连自由的反对者在反对实现自由的同时也实现着自由,自由不仅包括我们靠什么生存,而且也包括我们怎样生存;法律是自由的肯定存在,只有肯定了普遍的自由的法律才是真正的法律,法律在人的自由的生活面前是退缩的。
The issue of human freedom and the reason for the failure of freedom are the central themes of Marx’s early writings. Marx believes that freedom should conform to the universal rationality of mankind. Freedom is the essence of all spiritual existence. Freedom is indeed what is inherent in human beings. Even free opposition opponents realize freedom while realizing freedom. Freedom includes not only what we rely on Survival, but also how we live; law is a sure affirmation of freedom, and only a law that affirms universal liberty is the real law, the law flinches in the face of a free human life.