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嫁资制度是罗马法调整夫妻财产关系的一项重要的法律制度,是一种涉及身份关系的财产制度,内容主要包括嫁资的设定方式、嫁资标的物及风险转移、夫妻双方对嫁资的权利、妻子父亲对嫁资返还请求权。罗马法嫁资制度与现代国家的嫁资相比,具有以法律形式规范嫁资、嫁资标的物范围非常广泛以及嫁资之上有多个权利主体的特点,并且罗马法嫁资制度既没有忽略对处于相对强势地位者——妻子的父亲、丈夫的权益的保护,又能侧重保护处于相对弱势地位的妇女的权益,蕴含着公平正义的理念。这为我国正确处理嫁妆纠纷问题提供了有益借鉴。
The system of granting capital is an important legal system for the adjustment of the relationship between husband and wife in Rome. It is a kind of property system that involves identity relationship. The main contents include the setting method of granting capital, the substance of granting capital and risk transfer, The right to capital, his wife’s father on the return of the right to marry. Compared with the marriages in modern countries, the Roman law grants the system to regulate the standard of granting of funds and the standard of granting of capital as well as the features of multiple rights holders on the grants. And the Roman law grants no Ignoring the protection of the rights and interests of the relatives and wives’ fathers and husbands who are in relatively strong positions and focusing on the protection of the rights and interests of women in relatively disadvantaged positions contain the concept of fairness and justice. This provides a useful reference for our country to properly handle the issue of dowry disputes.