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Background: To report the thickness of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL)in Chinese children and examine its association with refractive error,axial length and optic disc parameters.Design: Population based,cross-sectional study.Participants: A total of 2893 seven-year-old children from 11 randomly selected primary schools in Anyang,central China.Methods: Participants underwent ophthalmic examinations including optical biometry,cycloplegic autorefraction,and SD-OCT.