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Sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) (SPAES)/modified phosphotungstic acid containing sulfonic acid and amine groups membranes were fabricated to evaluate the effect of introduced functional groups for use as polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells.Phosphotungstic acid (PWA) has soluble property in humidity conditions and causing a deterioration of cell performance.To solve this problem,PWA particles were functionalized with various silane compounds to enhance proton conductivity and to possess insoluble property in water.The SPAES/PWA and modified PWA composite membrane were prepared from solution casting and evaporation of the solvent method.The performances of the prepared membranes for use in fuel cells in terms of their mechanical and thermal properties,water uptake,water retention,and proton conductivity were investigated.The mechanical properties of the composite membrane prepared by sol-gel method were improved with the introduction of modified PWA particles.Also,the sol-gel composite membrane containing functional groups has higher levels of proton conductivity than the other composite membranes.An increase in the silica content of the PWA-silica sol-gel particles increases the proton conductivity because the inorganic component and the incorporation of PWA lead to a high concentration of functional groups.