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Chemerin is an novel adipokine that regulating adipogenesis and adipocyte metabolism via its own receptor.And in this study, two novel SNPs (868A>G in exon 2 and 2692C>T in exon 5) of Chemerin gene were identified by PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing technology.The allele frequencies of the novel SNPs were determined in the genetically diverse bovine breeds including six Chinese indigenous cattle breeds (Caoyuan red, Jiaxian red, Luxi, Nanyang, Qinchuan and Xianan cattle).We evaluated the potential association of the SNPs with traits measured by ultrasound measurement in 214Qinchuan individuals.Furthermore, meat quality traits datas got from carcass measurement in another69 Qinchuan individuals were analyzed by the comparison between the genotypes and their phenotypic data.Results showed that SNP 868A>G hada significant association with the Ultrasound Loin-muscle Area (P< 0.05), Loin-eye area and Water Holding Capability (P< 0.05).While also revealed significant effects of genotype on the Ultrasound Backfat Thickness (P< 0.05), Backfat Thickness and Water Holding Capability (P< 0.05) of SNP 2692C>T.An initial conclusion was that associations do exist between Chemerin gene and carcass and meat quality traits.Because of the small sample size of this study, it is proposed that further effort is required to validate these findings in larger populations.Then we could also conclude that ultrasound measurements are similar in accuracy to carcass measurements for predicting carcass and meat quality traits in cattle, and could be an useful predictors of retail yield in live animal.