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Objectives: Periodontitis is one of the most widespread inflammatory diseases causing tooth loss and being associated with a variety of systemic diseases.Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been used to treat periodontitis.However, it is unknown whether bacterial toxins in periodontal environment affect MSCs-mediated periodontal regeneration.Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharides (Pg-LPS) is a key toxin for the development of periodontitis.The purpose of the present study is to investigate effects of Pg-LPS on biological properties of MSCs.Materials and Methods: MSCs were treated with different concentrations of Pg-LPS (0.1-10 μg/ml), then effects of Pg-LPS on the biological properties of MSCs including proliferation, apoptosis, osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation and capacities to inhibit activated T cells were evaluated.Results: Low concentration of Pg-LPS (0.1 μg/ml) accelerated MSCs proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and capacities to inhibit activated T cells via upregulation of nitric oxide.However, high concentration of Pg LPS (10 μg/ml) reduced MSCs proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and capacities to inhibit activated T cells, along with elevated adipogenic differentiation and apoptosis.Conclusion: MSCs are functionally different following exposure to Pg-LPS at various concentration.These findings suggest that MSCs mediated periodontal regeneration may be regulated by Pg-LPS.