Rechargeable lithium/sulfur (Li/S) batteries are potentially the next generation solution for high-density energy storage demands because sulfur cathodes have a high theoretical specific capacity of 1672 mAh g-1 and Li/S batteries have a theoretical energy density of 2600 Wh kg-1,assuming complete conversion of sulfur to Li2S.Although recent works have made significant progresses, two major challenges still remain for this field: one is the low specific capacity due to high electrical resistivity of elementary S and the solid reduction products (Li2S and Li2S2);the other is fast capacity fading owing to a shuttle effect, i.e.polysulfide intermediates formed during discharge/charge cycles dissolves in the electrolyte, diffuse to the anode, reacts with Li, and forms insoluble Li2S and Li2S2 at the anodic region, which leads to the loss of active cathodic materials.